导读：本文围绕“科学20261022出版一周论文导读”，按时间顺序梳理事件经过与各方表态，并标注仍需后续确认的信息。
《科学》（20261022出版）一周论文导读
编译|冯维维
Science, 22 OCT 2026,VOLUME 394, ISSUE 6822
《科学》2026年10月22日，第394卷，6822期
生命科学Life Science
Wireless electrocatalytic closed-loop system for drug-free management of diabesity
无线电催化闭环系统用于无药物治疗糖胖病
▲ 作者：DEBASIS MAITY, PREETAM GUHA RAY, PETER BUCHMANN, GHISLAINE CHARPIN-EL HAMRI, AND MARTIN FUSSENEGGER
▲链接：
Abstract：
Diabetes and obesity are becoming increasingly common around the world, and they frequently coexist and reinforce each other. A variety of pharmacological and biological interventions are already available, but each has its advantages and disadvantages and many patients are still in need of better tolerated, more effective, and/or more affordable treatment options. An implantable device developed by Maity et al. helps to fill this gap by providing a controllable way to adjust blood glucose concentration without medications or insulin (see the Perspective by Bentley and Payne). The wirelessly powered device can be linked to a clinically available continuous glucose monitor to catalyze the conversion of glucose to gluconate, which is then renally excreted. This normalized blood glucose and simultaneously removed some of the excess caloric load when tested in mice.
Noncoding transcription controls the developmental dynamics of long-range gene regulation
非编码转录控制长程基因调控的发育动态
▲ 作者：PHILIPPE J. BATUT AND MICHAEL S. LEVINE
▲链接：
Abstract：
The genomic regions regulating gene expression are often themselves transcribed into a variety of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). However, the regulatory roles of this noncoding transcription remain largely unknown. By using live imaging, we reveal that the sequential transcription of ncRNAs emanating from distinct regulatory elements underlies gene activation in Drosophila embryos. Single-allele covisualization uncovers that optimal gene activation is achieved by only moderate levels of enhancer activity. Disrupting enhancer-associated ncRNAs causes precocious gene activation, providing evidence that ncRNAs control the timing of gene expression in development. We further show that enhancer transcription can regulate long-range interactions within complex regulatory landscapes. We propose that ncRNAs locally modulate regulatory element activity in cis to shape genome organization and orchestrate the temporal control of gene expression in development.
人工智能Artificial Intellegence
The Virtual Biotech: A multi-agent AI framework for therapeutic discovery and development
虚拟生物技术公司：用于治疗发现与开发的多智能体AI框架
▲ 作者：HARRISON G. ZHANG, PETER ECKMANN, JIACHENG MIAO, ANDREW B. MAHON, AND JAMES ZOU
▲链接：
Biotech）”技术，旨在简化药物早期研发流程。
该技术由多个专业化AI智能体组成一套集成工作流，全部由一名充当首席科学官角色的AI智能体统一调度。和所有AI驱动的生物学研究一样，智能体给出的建议还需要通过合成候选药物、开展实验测试，才能落地到真实的现实研究中。
该方法仅适用于已有充足背景数据可供AI解读的疾病，但它有助于挖掘那些原本可能被人们忽略的治疗研发机会。
▲ Abstract：
Conventional drug discovery is a labor-intensive and expensive process, requiring separate teams of people for different steps. The Virtual Biotech approach was designed by Zhang et al. to streamline early drug discovery, with an integrated workflow made up of teams of specialized AI agents, all directed by an agent acting as a chief scientific officer. As with any AI-driven biological research, the agents’ recommendations will need to be translated into the real world by synthesizing the candidate drugs and testing them. This approach can only work for diseases for which there are enough background data for the AI to interpret, but it may help to identify therapeutic opportunities that would otherwise be missed.
Sequential diagnosis with language models
利用语言模型进行序贯诊断
▲ 作者：HARSHA NORI, MAYANK DASWANI, CHRISTOPHER KELLY, SCOTT LUNDBERG, MARCO TULIO RIBEIRO, MARC WILSON, XIAOXUAN LIU, VIKNESH SOUNDERAJAH, JONATHAN M. CARLSON, AND ERIC HORVITZ
▲链接：
Abstract：
We explored the capabilities of frontier language models in sequential diagnosis, a diagnostic paradigm that captures the iterative nature of clinical reasoning. Given a brief clinical presentation, clinicians selectively acquired information to reach a diagnosis, enabling assessment of diagnostic accuracy and workup cost. We developed an interactive benchmark and an artificial intelligence (AI) system that simulates a panel of physicians, continually revising the differential diagnosis and selecting cost-effective tests. Using this benchmark, the system achieved 83.2% accuracy on New England Journal of Medicine clinicopathological conference cases and 80.3% on MIMIC-IV-ED emergency department admissions, outperforming generalist physicians (36.1 and 46.8%, respectively). Although these findings were obtained in a controlled benchmark setting, they highlight the promise of language models for supporting more accurate, lower-cost diagnoses.
物理学Physics
Electronic bound states in the continuum in a two-dimensional metal
二维金属中的电子连续谱束缚态
▲ 作者：MORGAN THINEL, XIONG HUANG, DANIEL G. CHICA, SIMON TURKEL, SEBASTIAN E. ROSSI, CHRISTIE S. KOAY, HONG LI, WILLA MIHALYI-KOCH, BIPASA SAMANTA, AND RAQUEL QUEIROZ
▲链接：
Abstract：
Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are quantum states that remain localized despite lying within a continuum of extended, delocalized states. Whereas optical BICs have been realized in photonic systems, achieving electronic bound states embedded in a metallic background remains an ongoing challenge. In this study, we used scanning tunneling microscopy to identify two defect-induced electronic states that remain localized within the metallic continuum of Pd5AlI2, a two-dimensional van der Waals metal. Our calculations suggest that electron-hopping interference on the decorated checkerboard lattice of Pd5AlI2 gives rise to a (quasi) flat band built from spatially localized eigenstates that are orthogonal to the dispersive continuum. Atomic defects within this frustrated lattice shift the associated flat-band localized states into the metallic continuum, forming robust, symmetry-protected BICs.
Visualizing symmetry-broken Chern insulators and their quantum melting
可视化对称破缺的陈绝缘体及其量子熔化
▲ 作者：MINHAO HE, YEN-CHEN TSUI, RAN PENG, KENJI WATANABE, TAKASHI TANIGUCHI, OSKAR VAFEK, AND ALI YAZDANI
▲链接：
Abstract：
In the presence of a magnetic field, electronic states of moiré quantum materials develop a Hofstadter spectrum that provides a distinctive setting for studying the interplay between band topology and strong electron-electron interaction. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, we studied Hofstadter’s states in bilayer graphene aligned with hexagonal boron nitride and directly visualized the formation of interaction-driven symmetry breaking Chern insulators. Our measurements revealed the formation of phases that double, triple, or quadruple the moiré unit cell at fractional filling of the Hofstadter bands as well as states with complex intra–unit cell wave functions. We visualized two distinct quantum phenomena in different Chern states, including quantum melting driven by the appearance and proliferation of topological defects and a quantum transition co-occurring with phase competition and separation.特别声明：本文转载仅仅是出于传播信息的需要，并不意味着代表本网站观点或证实其内容的真实性；如其他媒体、网站或个人从本网站转载使用，须保留本网站注明的“来源”，并自负版权等法律责任；作者如果不希望被转载或者联系转载稿费等事宜，请与我们接洽。