导读：本文围绕“自然20261029出版一周论文导读”，按时间顺序梳理事件经过与各方表态，并标注仍需后续确认的信息。
《自然》（20261029出版）一周论文导读
编译|李言
Science, 29 October 2026, Volume 658 Issue 8138
《自然》2026年10月29日，第658卷，8138期
物理学Physics
A single-molecule spin–photon interface
单分子自旋—光子接口
▲ 作者：Simon Roggors, Thomas Unden et al.
▲链接：
Abstract：
Here we show that a triplet ground-state carbene molecule, embedded within a structurally matched host crystal, functions as a robust spin–photon interface with single-molecule addressability. The system exhibits narrow ZPLs, spectral stability over more than an hour, spin-selective optical transitions and single-molecule optically detected magnetic resonance. Coherent control yields millisecond-scale dynamical-decoupling coherence and tens-of-milliseconds spin relaxation at a temperature of 4.5?K. These results establish molecular qubits as a viable platform for single-emitter quantum optics while preserving the advantages of bottom-up chemical design and processable materials.
材料科学Material Sciences
Narrow carbon pentaheptite nanoribbon as a covalent metal
超窄五七环碳纳米带作为共价金属
▲ 作者：Jianmin Huang, Qitang Fan et al.
▲链接：
1）或不同（CPHN 2）的聚戊搭烯链构成。
CPHN 1是本征金属，而CPHN 2是窄带隙半导体。CPHN 1纳米带表现出接近一个电导量子的近弹道电导，可与金属性碳纳米管相媲美。这凸显了CPHN 1作为一种有前景的平面碳金属，并提示了通向碳量子线的可能路径，尽管将其集成到器件中仍需进一步的合成优化。
▲ Abstract：
Here we report a hierarchical approach for the on-surface synthesis of planar carbon pentaheptite nanoribbons (CPHNs) by laterally fusing well-aligned polypentalene chains transformed from pre-synthesized polycyclooctadiene chains. Two distinct types of narrow pentaheptite nanoribbon share a similar basal structure consisting of a central heptagon chain flanked by either identically (CPHN?1) or differently (CPHN?2) oriented polypentalene chains on opposite lateral edges. CPHN?1 is an intrinsic metal, whereas CPHN?2 is a narrow-bandgap semiconductor. The CPHN?1 ribbon exhibits near-ballistic conductance approaching one conductance quantum, comparable to metallic carbon nanotubes. This highlights CPHN?1 as a promising planar carbon metal and suggests a possible route towards carbon quantum wires, although further synthetic optimization will be required for device integration.
生物学Biology
Dynamic protrusions mediate crawling motility in Asgard archaea
动态突起介导阿斯加德古菌的爬行运动
▲ 作者：Philipp Radler, Tobias Viehboeck et al.
▲链接：
1.5—4.8微米/分钟的速度生长和回缩其广泛的突起。黏附到玻璃表面后，细胞利用其突起进行主动爬行运动。
然而，在存在特定肌动蛋白抑制剂的情况下，观察到的动力学被阻止，表明肌动蛋白在这些过程中发挥核心作用。研究者观察到的细胞可塑性和运动性是原核生物中独特的特征，可能对第一批真核细胞的出现至关重要——这些真核细胞被认为是由阿斯加德古菌的一个成员与一种α—变形菌（线粒体的祖先）联合形成的。
▲ Abstract：
Here, live-cell microscopy of two organisms of the Lokiarchaea and Hodarchaea lineages showed that they dynamically and greatly change their cell shape on a minute time scale and grow and retract their extensive protrusions with a speed of 1.5–4.8 μm?min?1, respectively. After adhering to a glass surface, cells use their protrusions to undergo active crawling motion. In the presence of selected actin inhibitors, however, the observed dynamics were arrested, suggesting a central role of actin in these processes. The observed cellular plasticity and motility are unique features among prokaryotes and might have been crucial for the emergence of the first eukaryotic cells that are thought to have formed through the association of a member of the Asgard archaea and an α-proteobacterium, the ancestor of mitochondria.
Endocannabinoids facilitate reward engagement through retrograde gain control
内源性大麻素通过逆行增益控制促进奖赏参与
▲ 作者：David J. Marcus, Anthony E. English et al.
▲链接：
Abstract：
Neuromodulatory signalling is poised to serve as a neural mechanism for gain control, acting as a crucial tuning factor to influence neuronal activity by dynamically shaping excitatory and inhibitory fast neurotransmission. The endocannabinoid (eCB) signalling system, the most widely expressed neuromodulatory system in the mammalian brain, has been demonstrated to filter excitatory and inhibitory inputs through retrograde, presynaptic action in vitro and ex vivo. However, whether eCBs exert retrograde gain control to ultimately facilitate motivated behaviours in freely moving mammals has not been established. Here, using a suite of in vivo physiological, imaging, genetic and machine learning-based approaches, we uncover a fundamental role for the dynamic release of eCBs in controlling behavioural engagement during reward seeking through a genetically and anatomically defined thalamostriatal circuit.
医学Medicine
Proximity-guided graph learning reveals tumour-associated proximity antigens
邻近引导的图学习揭示肿瘤相关邻近抗原
▲ 作者：Cody Scandore, Clare F. Malone et al.
▲链接：
Abstract：
Here, we developed an industrialized surface protein proximity-mapping workflow to interrogate TAAs within their membrane microenvironments. Using this workflow, we generated 248 proximity maps across 12 receptor tyrosine kinases and 28 tumour cell systems. The resulting atlas enabled the development of MetaMap, a correlation-based analytical framework that defines spatial protein communities and infers conserved proximity relationships among non-targeted proteins, and establishes the concept of tumour-associated proximity antigens (TAPAs), a class of co-targets defined by disease-specific spatial proximity to TAAs rather than expression alone. Integrating these proximity-derived relationships within a multimodal prioritization framework, we identified and validated EGFR–CDCP1 as a TAA–TAPA pair that enhances tumour cell killing across therapeutic modalities. Together, this work advances disease-associated membrane proximity as a guiding principle for the design of precision multispecific therapeutics.
Development of a random background to understand ligand optimization
构建随机背景基线以理解配体优化
▲ 作者：Xinyu Xu, Olivier Mailhot et al.
▲链接：
Abstract：
To begin to establish a background expectation for ligand optimization, here we systematically modified 18 lead molecules across six targets with single-atom changes; 257 compounds were synthesized. Unexpectedly, 11.3% of these random small perturbation analogues improved potency by tenfold or more. Conversely, they typically had worse in vitro pharmacokinetics. Although it was possible to find analogues where the potency increase compensated for inferior exposure and half-life, resulting in more potent compounds in vivo, overall, a frustrated landscape for ligand optimization is revealed. This study begins to establish a background expectation for ligand potency optimization and offers a simple strategy to do so. It also begins to quantify the challenges confronting the field in moving beyond in vitro potency.
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